Molecular biomarkers for assessing the heat-adapted phenotype: a narrative scoping review

Corbett, J.; Young, J. S.; Tipton, M. J.; Costello, J. T.; Williams, T. B.; Walker, E. F.; Lee, B. J.; Stevens, C. E.

doi:10.1186/s12576-023-00882-4

The Journal of Physiological Sciences

Table 1 Summary of candidate biomarkers for assessing the heat acclimated phenotype at rest and following a Heat Acclimation State Test (HAST)

From: Molecular biomarkers for assessing the heat-adapted phenotype: a narrative scoping review

Biomarker	Medium	Post-HA baseline change			Post-HA HAST change
Fluid regulatory		Results			Results
Aldosterone	Blood	↑**	↓*	↔ **		↓**	↔ **
Arginine-vasopressin	Blood	↑*		↔ **		↓**	↔ **
Copeptin	Blood			↔ **		↓*	↔ *
Renin	Blood	↑*	↓*	↔ **		↓**	↔ **
Atrial natriuretic peptide	Blood		↓*	↔ **
Pro-Atrial natriuretic peptide	Blood			↔ *
Brain natriuretic peptide	Blood			↔ *
Renal stress and injury
Creatinine	Blood			↔ **		↓**	↔ **
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin	Urine						↔ *
Kidney injury molecule-1	Urine						↔ *
Haematological
Haematocrit	Blood		↓**
Haemoglobin concentration	Blood		↓**
Haemoglobin mass		↑*	↔ *
Plasma protein	Blood	↑**		↔ *
Erythropoietin	Blood	↑*		↔ *
Energy homeostasis
Triiodothyronine (T3)	Blood		↓**	↔ *
Thyroxine (T4)	Blood		↓**	↔ *
Orexin	Blood		↓*
Prostaglandin E2	Blood		↓*
Cyclooxygenase-2	Blood		↓*
Sympathetic–adrenomedullary axis
Adrenaline	Blood			↔ **		↓**	↔ *
Adrenaline	Urine			↔ *
Noradrenaline	Blood			↔ **		↓**	↔ **
Noradrenaline	Urine	↑*				↓*
Metanephrine	Blood			↔ *		↓*	↔ *
Normetanephrine	Blood		↓*	↔ *		↓**
Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
Cortisol	Blood		↓*	↔ **		↓**	↔ *
Adrenocorticotropic hormone	Blood			↔ **		↓**	↔ **
Growth hormone	Blood			↔ **		↓*	↔ **
Interleukin-6	Blood			↔ **		↓**	↔ **
Interleukin-10	Blood			↔ **		↓*
Tumour necrosis factor α	Blood			↔ **			↔ **
C-reactive protein	Blood			↔ *			↔ *
Heat shock
Intracellular heat shock protein 70	PBMC	↑**
Intracellular heat shock protein 70	Muscle			↔ *
Extracellular heat shock protein 70	Blood		↓**	↔ **		↓**	↔ **
Intracellular heat shock protein 90	PBMC	↑*
Sudomotor
Sodium	Sweat		↓**			↓**
Chloride	Sweat					↓**
Potassium	Sweat						↔ **
Lactate	Sweat					↓**

↑ = increase in concentration or level of biomolecule; ↓ = decrease in concentration or level of biomolecule; ↔ = no change in concentration or level biomolecule
HA heat acclimation/acclimatisation, PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cell
*Study supporting identified change when heat adapted
**Multiple studies supporting identified change when heat adapted

Back to article page

ISSN: 1880-6562

Contact us

Submission enquiries: Access here and click Contact Us
General enquiries: info@biomedcentral.com