Fig. 2

Ara-C infusion experiments. a Schematic diagram of the Ara-C infusion experiment. b, c BrdU incorporation into dividing cells surrounding the right lateral ventricle in coronal sections of the brains was determined by immunostaining. Immunostaining images for BrdU and either Nestin or GFAP of PBS- b or Ara-C- c infused brains 10 days after micro-osmotic pump insertion are shown. Areas within dashed boxes are shown at higher magnification at right. Arrowheads indicate double-positive cells. The merged pictures with orthogonal views of coronal z-stack images are also shown. d, e Numbers of Nestin⁺ d and GFAP⁺ e cells in the lateral and medial SEZ within 400 μm rostral to the crossing of the anterior commissure were counted. f Immunostaining for BrdU incorporation into dividing cells surrounding the right lateral ventricle in coronal sections of the brains 4 weeks after micro-osmotic pump insertion. g Total numbers of BrdU⁺ cells in the lateral and medial SEZ within 400 μm rostral to the crossing of the anterior commissure were determined. h A neurosphere assay was performed using subependymal cells from the brains 10 days, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, or 6 weeks after micro-osmotic pump insertion. Data were first analyzed by two-way ANOVA, which showed a significant interaction between Ara-C treatment and time course. Then, the data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test. Data represent the mean ± SEM. Scale bar, 200 μm. *: P < 0.05 by Mann–Whitney test or by Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post hoc comparison