Table 4 The demographic and biochemical assays

Age

53.67

53.67

 = .4

52.53 ± 3.4

52.53 ± 3.4

 = .32

51.67 ± 3.4

51.67 ± 3.4

 = .62

54.07 ± 3.4

54.07 ± 3.4

 = .62

Weight (kg)

77.92 ± 2.1

78.80 ± 3.1

 = .18

78.42 ± 2.4

75.40 ± 1.44^*

 < 0.05

79.12 ± 4.2

74.33 ± 3.78^*

 < 0.05

77.94 ± 2.98

69.67 ± 3.52^*#

< 0.05

Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)

0.97 ± 0.04

0.98 ± 0.049

 = .87

0.98 ± 0.038

0.9427 ± 0.071^*

 < 0.05

0.97 ± 0.038

0.93 ± 0.046^*

 < 0.05

0.9821 ± 0.021

0.867 ± 0.039^*#

< 0.05

 ≥ 0.85

HbA1C %

8.99 ± 4.38

8.29 ± 3.27

 = .49

8. 9 ± 2.36

7.09 ± 1.43^*

 < 0.05

9.11 ± 3.46

7.66 ± 2.33^*

 < 0.05

8.65 ± 3.52

6.56 ± 1.2^*#

< 0.05

6.5%

Insulin (µU/mL)

12.36 ± 1.95

12.76 ± 1.72

 = .42

11.23 ± 1.12

8.34 ± 2.01^*

 < 0.05

11.53 ± 0.97

8.67 ± 0.95^*

 < 0.05

11.87 ± 1.15

6.54 ± 2.43^*#

< 0.05

12.94 µU/mL

Adiponectin (µg/m)

2.21 ± 0.13

2.41 ± 0.23

 = .51

2.81 ± 0.44

3.41 ± 0.34^*

 < 0.05

2.16 ± 0.12

3.81 ± 0.44^*

 < 0.05

2.92 ± 0.36

5.61 ± 0.31^*#

< 0.05

6.65 µg/ml

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

250.17 ± 2.17

248.67 ± 4.45

 = .19

247.46 ± 3.15

249.53 ± 2.83^*

 < 0.05

251.81 ± 1.26

242.80 ± 2.20^*

 < 0.05

251.21 ± 3.02

237.87 ± 2.87^*#

< 0.05

 ≥ 200 mg/dL

HDL (mg/dL)

45.51 ± 1.19

46.47 ± 1.96

 = .35

44.42 ± 2.21

51.80 ± 1.35^*

 < 0.05

46.74 ± 3.29

52.93 ± 3.16^*

 < 0.05

48.13 ± 2.24

54.87 ± 2.67^*#

< 0.05

 < 50 mg/dL

LDL (mg/dL)

141.12 ± 6.78

140.07 ± 6.87

 = .43

139.15 ± 4.42

127.13 ± 3.12^*

 < 0.05

142. 7 ± 2.21

135.20 ± 2.56^*

 < 0.05

141.66 ± 5.21

120.33 ± 5.27^*#

< 0.05

 ≥ 130 mg/dL

SBP/DBP (mmHg)

139.89 ± 0.56

138.89 ± 0.48

 = .29

136.85 ± 0.82

129.80 ± 0.75^*

 < 0.05

142.65 ± 1.39

135.85 ± 0.56^*

 < 0.05

135.95 ± 1.29

122.80 ± 0.88^*#

< 0.05

 ≥ 130/80