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Table 1 Parameters relating to baroreflex open-loop static characteristics during baseline and T3 periods obtained in the vehicle group

From: Acute effects of empagliflozin on open-loop baroreflex function and urine glucose excretion in Goto-Kakizaki diabetic rats

 

Baseline

Vehicle

P value

Total reflex arc

   

 P1, mmHg

54.6 ± 6.2

45.6 ± 9.1

0.061

 P2, mmHg−1

0.120 ± 0.018

0.106 ± 0.013

0.471

 P3, mmHg

145.5 ± 5.2

143.5 ± 1.8

0.745

 P4, mmHg

88.4 ± 6.2

87.1 ± 9.5

0.776

 Gmax, mmHg/mmHg

1.62 ± 0.28

1.05 ± 0.13

0.065

HR control

   

 P1, beats/min

53.5 ± 6.4

50.2 ± 9.7

0.473

 P2, mmHg−1

0.115 ± 0.013

0.131 ± 0.022

0.418

 P3, mmHg

151.0 ± 3.9

148.3 ± 2.1

0.549

 P4, beats/min

389.1 ± 10.8

394.1 ± 13.0

0.672

 Gmax, beats·min−1·mmHg−1

1.49 ± 0.17

1.34 ± 0.14

0.342

Neural arc

   

 P1, %

41.3 ± 4.6

40.4 ± 7.3

0.899

 P2, mmHg−1

0.137 ± 0.028

0.121 ± 0.022

0.665

 P3, mmHg

143.6 ± 6.1

143.1 ± 3.4

0.947

 P4, %

59.7 ± 3.9

57.1 ± 5.2

0.553

 Gmax, %/mmHg

1.34 ± 0.23

1.03 ± 0.08

0.113

Peripheral arc

   

 b0, mmHg

16.6 ± 9.6

28.0 ± 11.1

0.303

 b1, mmHg/%

1.245 ± 0.101

1.109 ± 0.084

0.234

Operating point

   

 SNA, %

92.1 ± 2.1

88.3 ± 3.2

0.448

 AP, mmHg

130.2 ± 4.0

126.8 ± 2.5

0.385

  1. P1: response range; P2: slope coefficient; P3: midpoint input pressure; P4: lower asymptote; Gmax: maximum gain; b0: intercept; b1: slope; HR: heart rate; SNA: sympathetic nerve activity; AP: arterial pressure. Data are mean ± SE values (n = 7 rats). P values are derived from paired t-tests