Fig. 2

Effects of xanthoceraside on learning and memory deficits and social behavior deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. a Preferential index at 1 h in the retention session of the novel object recognition test. b Total exploration time (1 h) in the novel object recognition test. c, d Escape latency and swimming distance of working memory in the Morris water maze test. e Duration of interaction in the social interaction test. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 9–10). ^##p < 0.01 and ^###p < 0.001 versus the control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 versus the model group