Fig. 3

Neuronal responses to the L5 photostimulation. a A typical R-CaMP2 fluorescence image at L5 through the prism. The targets of photostimulation, A, B, and C are overlaid (circles). One of the regions of interest (ROI) #48 is encircled in green. b A sample record of Ca²⁺ signals (∆F/F of the R-CaMP2 fluorescence) at ROI #48. The timing of each photostimulation is shown by a vertical bar (from left to right); the multi-mode photostimulation at A after C with 2 ms delay, the multi-mode photostimulation at A and B simultaneously, the single-mode photostimulation at B, the single-mode photostimulation at B and the multi-mode photostimulation at C after A with 2 ms delay. Asterisk (red), the onset of the Ca²⁺ response. c–e Raster plots of the Ca²⁺ spikes from the ROI #48 aligned to the single-mode photostimulation (dark bars) at A, B and C, respectively. f–h Histograms of the time-dependent frequency of Ca²⁺ spikes in relation to the single-mode photostimulation (dark bars) at A, B and C, respectively. *P < 0.05, Fisher’s exact test (color figure online)