Fig. 4

Performance in rotarod training trials over 5 days of training for KCC2 mice and WT mice. Following withdrawal of Dox for 2–3 weeks, mice underwent 6 trials of accelerating rotarod training per day over 5 successive days (WT mice: black; n = 15; KCC2-overexpressing mice: red; n = 15). a Rotarod performance was measured as the time before falling off as the rotarod was accelerated from 4 to 40 rpm over 300 s in each trial. The improvement of performance during the successive 5-day training sessions was significantly greater in KCC2 mice compared with WT mice (***p < 0.001, 2-way ANOVA). b Comparison of the increase in rotarod performance across each day of training in WT (left, black) and KCC2-overexpressing mice (right, red). The performance in each of the six trials was averaged for each day and the averaged performance compared with that on day 1 to evaluate the time course of the motor learning. For WT mice a significant improvement was seen by day 4 (n = 15, *p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni’s test), while for KCC2-overexpressing mice, a significant increase in performance was seen earlier, on the 2nd day of training (n = 15, *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni’s test). Data are shown as mean ± SEM