Fig. 1

Characteristics of regenerative and remodeling phases of skeletal muscle regeneration. a Representative images of EbMHC immunostaining and b myogenin⁺ nuclei (arrowheads) during regenerative and remodeling phases, scale bars = 50 µm. Laminin and DAPI were applied to delineate regenerating muscle fiber structure and nuclei, respectively. Arrows indicate centrally nucleated muscle fibers (hallmark of skeletal muscle regeneration). c, d Quantitative analysis of EbMHC and myogenin protein expression. ***p < 0.001 compared to regenerative phase (n = 5 mice/group). e Histogram analysis of regenerating muscle fiber CSA during regenerative and remodeling phases. The average number of measured regenerating muscle fiber CSA during regenerative and remodeling phases were 1240 and 797 fibers/mice (n = 5 mice/group). f Quantitative analysis of regenerating fiber CSA during regenerative and remodeling phases, **p < 0.01 compared to regenerative phase (n = 5 mice/group). Regen regenerative phase, Remodel remodeling phase