Fig. 4

Effects of noradrenaline (NA) in the myocardial tissue of the azygos vein (AZV). Example track representing consequent RMP changes (transient hyperpolarization and delayed continuous depolarization) which occur in response to 10 µmol/l NA application in quiescent AZV (a). Alteration of RMP in AZV by 10 µmol/l noradrenaline (b). Representative example of the AP bursts (c) with initiating (d) and terminating action potentials (e) in AZV induced by NA later on NA-caused RMP depolarization. Control RMP in quiescent AZV under basal conditions, NA hyper and NA depol NA-induced hyperpolarization and depolarization, respectively, *p < 0.05 (control vs. NA hyper, control vs. NA depol, ANOVA)