Fig. 5

Blood glucose profile of 7-week-old female WT, GK and GK + Ins rats. a Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) after administration of 2 g/kg glucose solution. Blood glucose was measured at various time points, i.e., 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. b Area under the curve of IPGTT. c Weekly blood glucose at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of insulin treatment. d Plasma ionized calcium. e Transepithelial calcium flux across the duodenum of 28-week WT, GK, and GK + Ins rats. Numbers in parentheses are numbers of animals. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. age-matched WT rats; ^## P < 0.01, ^### P < 0.001 vs. GK rats