Fig. 13

Effects of β-AR stimulation on GATA4 activity. a Effects of β-AR subtypes on GATA4 activity. The time course of ISO-induced GATA4 activity in the following states physiological (solid line), β1-AR inhibition by 50% (hollow circle) and 100% (filled circle), and β2-AR inhibition by 50% (hollow square). b Effects of β1/ β2-AR ratio on GATA4 activity. The ratios are 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, and 5:5. c Effects of β-adrenergic mediators on GATA4 activity. The time course of ISO-induced GATA activity in the following states physiological (solid line), and artificial [blocking ISO-induced variation in GSK3β (square)]. d Simulated time course of GATA4 transcription factor after ISO stimulation for different concentrations (0.01 µM dash-dotted line, 0.1 µM dashed line, and 1 µM solid line)