Table 2 Genetic evidence for the biological relevance of ZIP transporters

Slc39a1

ZIP1

KO

604740/ –

Abnormal embryonic development

Ubiquitous

[172]

Slc39a2

ZIP2

KO

612166/ –

Abnormal embryonic development

Liver, ovary, skin, dendritic cell

[173]

Slc39a3

ZIP3

KO

612168/ –

Abnormal embryonic and T-cell development

Widely distributed

[171]

Slc39a4

ZIP4

KO; *Mutation

607059/ 201100

Embryonic lethal, *acrodermatitis enteropathica

Small intestine

[95, 175,176,177]

Slc39a5

ZIP5

KO; *Mutation

608730/ 615946

Intestinal Zn excretion; Pancreatic Zn accumulation. *Nonsymptomatic high myopia

Small intestine, kidney, pancreas

[179]

Slc39a6

ZIP6

Liv1

608731/ –

Abnormal gonad formation and E-cadherin expression.

Glial cell migration in Drosophila

Widely distributed

[92, 146]

Slc39a7

ZIP7 Ke4

601416/ –

Impaired melanin synthesis, FGFR and Notch signaling in Drosophila.

Colon epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation in mouse

Widely distributed

Colon

[180, 205, 206]

Slc39a8

ZIP 8

KO; *Mutation

608732/ 616721

Cdm mouse: Resistance to cadmium-induced testicular damage, Crohn’s disease.

*Disorder of Mn transporter and glycosylation

Widely distributed

[99, 102, 182, 183]

Slc39a9

ZIP9

Expressed in breast and prostate cancer cell lines. Apoptosis regulation

Widely distributed

[184]

Slc39a10

ZIP 10

KO

608733/ –

B-cell development.

Breast cancer progression

Widely distributed.

Renal cell carcinoma B-cell

[92, 147, 185, 186]

Slc39a13

ZIP13

KO *Mutation

608735/ 612350

Growth retardation, abnormal hard and connective tissue development.

*Spondylocheiro dysplastic Ehlers–Danlos syndrome

Hard and connective tissues

[148, 196]

Slc39a14

ZIP14

KO *Mutation

608736/ 617013

Growth retardation and impaired GPCR signaling.

Impaired Mn homeostasis. Adipokine production.

*Childhood-onset Parkinsonism-dystonia

Widely distributed.

Bone and cartilage

[103, 187, 188]