Fig. 5

Acetylcholine-induced contraction of GSMC isolated from male and female rats. GSMC of male and female rats were stimulated with ACh (0.1 µM) and viewed under a Nikon microscope. Images of treated and non-treated single cells were acquired and cell contraction measured. ACh caused muscle cell contraction in GSMC from both male and female rats. Note that contraction in response to ACh was significantly greater in male cells than in female ones (*P < 0.01 vs. female; n = at least 50 cells from 10 different rats of each sex)