Fig. 1

Changes in esophageal temperature (Tes; a), mean skin temperature (Tsk; b) from 7 sites, Tsk in the lower extremities (c), metabolic rate (d), mean arterial pressure (MAP; e), and heart rate (HR; f) during the control (29.5 °C) and cooling (29.5–23.5 °C) periods in the cold-sensitive (C; closed circles) and normal (N; open circles) groups. Values are mean ± SE. Asterisks significantly different between the C and N groups (P < 0.05). Daggers significantly different between the cooling and control periods within a group (P < 0.05)