Fig. 3

Facilitation of Ca²⁺ channel by H₂O₂ is not due to oxidation of CaM. CaM was pre-incubated with 1 mM H₂O₂ for 30 min and then applied to the Ca²⁺ channels. a Time course of channel activity recorded first in the cell-attached (c.a.) mode followed by the inside-out (i.o.) mode with 1 μM non-treated (intact) CaM + 3 mM ATP, followed by substitution with H₂O₂-treated CaM (1 μM). b Example of current traces for the control in c.a. mode (a), with CaM + ATP in i.o mode (b), and H₂O₂-treated CaM + ATP (c), at the time period indicated in (a). c Summary of normalized channel activity induced by CaM + ATP (n = 7) and H₂O₂-treated CaM + ATP (n = 6). Data are shown as mean ± SE. ***P < 0.001 versus control (c.a.), NS not significant (ANOVA and Tukey HSD test)