Fig. 5

Surface structure of ACMs. SEM images of ACM cultured for 5 days. a Whole cell image (×1,300; bar 10 µm. b Enlargement of the area marked in (a) (×3,000; bar 1 µm. c Enlargement of the area marked in (b1) (×10,000; bar 1 µm). d Enlargement of the area marked in (b2) (×10,000; bar 1 µm). e Enlargement of the area marked in (c). Asterisks and arrowheads indicate ruptured and stacked papillae, respectively (×30,000; bar 100 nm). f Enlargement of the area marked in (d). Arrow indicates the inner structure of the upper papillae of the stacking. Several ruptured papillae were observed in the bottom of the hole of the plasma membrane (×100,000; bar 100 nm)