Table 3 Physical and physiological characteristics in male carriers of different genotype combinations
Trait | ACE-ACTN3 genotype combinations | ACE-PPARA genotype combinations | ACTN3-PPARA genotype combinations | ACE-ACTN3-PPARA genotype combinations | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DD-RR | II-XX | DD-GC/CC | II-GG | RR-GC/CC | XX-GG | DD-RR-GC/CC | II-XX-GG | |
n (%) | 17 (7.8) | 9 (4.1) | 12 (5.5) | 40 (18.3) | 25 (11.4) | 22 (10.0) | 3 (1.4) | 8 (3.7) |
Height (cm) | 145.8 (9.4) | 140.6 (7.2) | 150.8 (11.4) | 146.2 (6.5) | 148.4 (8.1) | 142.1 (6.1)** | 159.3 (8.4) | 140.6 (7.2)** |
Weight (kg) | 36.0 (9.5) | 31.1 (4.5) | 42.3 (12.2) | 36.9 (6.5)* | 38.6 (8.6) | 32.8 (5.4)** | 50.0 (10.1) | 31.1 (4.5)** |
BMI (kg/m2) | 16.7 (2.9) | 15.7 (1.7) | 18.3 (3.9) | 17.2 (2.1) | 17.4 (2.6) | 16.2 (2.3) | 19.8 (4.8) | 15.7 (1.7)* |
Standing long-jump (cm) | 161.8 (17.0) | 144.8 (15.6)* | 154.4 (20.2) | 150.4 (15.8) | 151.4 (22.1) | 154.1 (18.7) | 154.8 (26.3) | 142.9 (15.5) |
Handgrip strength (kg) | 17.3 (5.7) | 12.1 (1.7)* | 17.3 (5.7) | 12.1 (1.7)* | 15.9 (4.3) | 13.1 (2.7)* | 22.0 (2.6) | 12.1 (1.8)*** |