Fig. 1

Circuit diagram used to model the hemodynamics of the cardiovascular system (adapted from Heldt et al. [15] and Schreiner et al. [16]). P Pressure, R flow resistance, C vascular compliance, Q flow generator, lv left ventricle, a artery, up upper body, kid kidney, sp splanchnic, ll lower limbs, avc abdominal vena cava, ivc inferior vena cava, svc superior vena cava, rv right ventricle, pa pulmonary artery, pv pulmonary vein, th thoracic, is interstitial, sqz squeezed from LV, lca left coronary artery, lcx left circumflex, lad left anterior descending artery, cv coronary vein, vi VAD inlet, vo VAD outlet