Maternal physiological calming responses to infant suckling at the breast

Ohmura, Nami; Okuma, Lana; Truzzi, Anna; Esposito, Gianluca; Kuroda, Kumi O.

doi:10.1186/s12576-023-00860-w

The Journal of Physiological Sciences

Table 2 Vocalization and sleepiness in breastfeeding mother and their relation to HRV indices

From: Maternal physiological calming responses to infant suckling at the breast

Correlation (N = 23)			Resting				BF⁻				BF⁺				With infant (BF^+/ｰ)
			M_sleepiness	M_totalVocal	M_spVocal	I_NegVocal	M_sleepiness	M_totalVocal	M_spVocal	I_NegVocal	M_sleepiness	M_totalVocal	M_spVocal	I_NegVocal	M_sleepiness	M_totalVocal	M_spVocal	I_NegVocal
Spearman's ρ	IBI	Correlation coefficient	0.191	0.226	0.292	0.002	− 0.019	0.000	− 0.034	− 0.045	− 0.212	− 0.036	− 0.052	0.233	− 0.224	− 0.112	− 0.068	0.165
		Sig.(2-tailed)	0.382	0.299	0.177	0.993	0.930	1.000	0.879	0.837	0.332	0.870	0.813	0.284	0.303	0.612	0.757	0.451
	RMSSD	Correlation coefficient	0.107	0.269	0.267	0.100	0.019	0.161	0.130	− 0.228	− 0.311	0.080	0.052	0.040	− 0.308	0.150	0.118	-0.102
		Sig.(2-tailed)	0.626	0.214	0.218	0.650	0.930	0.463	0.553	0.295	0.148	0.716	0.813	0.855	0.153	0.494	0.593	0.645
	pNN50	Correlation coefficient	0.138	0.192	0.178	0.038	− 0.010	0.172	0.165	− 0.204	− 0.348	0.109	0.065	0.075	− 0.313	0.142	0.121	-0.109
		Sig.(2-tailed)	0.531	0.381	0.417	0.864	0.965	0.433	0.453	0.351	0.103	0.621	0.769	0.735	0.146	0.517	0.584	0.621
	LFnu	Correlation coefficient	0.252	− 0.029	− 0.027	− 0.109	− 0.253	0.499^*	0.399^†	− 0.192	− 0.041	0.405^†	0.501^*	0.061	− 0.192	0.513^*	0.430^*	− 0.064
		Sig.(2-tailed)	0.247	0.895	0.903	0.621	0.244	0.015	0.059	0.380	0.852	0.055	0.015	0.781	0.381	0.012	0.041	0.772
	HFnu	Correlation coefficient	0.100	− 0.364^†	− 0.428^*	− 0.157	0.448^*	− 0.145	− 0.264	− 0.068	− 0.129	− 0.222	− 0.093	− 0.232	0.052	− 0.206	− 0.291	− 0.197
		Sig.(2-tailed)	0.651	0.088	0.041	0.475	0.032	0.508	0.224	0.759	0.558	0.308	0.672	0.287	0.813	0.347	0.179	0.368
	LF/HF	Correlation coefficient	0.060	0.337	0.411^†	0.079	− 0.545^*	0.449^*	0.513^*	− 0.061	− 0.010	0.449^*	0.463^*	0.305	− 0.167	0.508^*	0.507^*	0.108
		Sig.(2-tailed)	0.786	0.116	0.052	0.719	0.007	0.032	0.012	0.783	0.964	0.032	0.026	0.157	0.447	0.013	0.014	0.624

Spearman’s correlation coefficients (ρ) and their p-values, calculated for the relationship between each of the four behavioral variables (M_sleepiness, maternal sleepiness; M_totalVocal, maternal total vocalization; M_spVocal, maternal spontaneous vocalization; I_NegVocal, infant negative vocalization) and each of the six dependent variables of HRV (mean IBI, RMSSD, pNN50, HFnu, LFnu, and LF/HF). The coefficients were calculated for each of three conditions, as well as for the combined with infant condition (BF⁺ and BF⁻) (rightmost column)
^†p < 0.1, *p < 0.05

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ISSN: 1880-6562

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