Early donepezil monotherapy or combination with metoprolol significantly prevents subsequent chronic heart failure in rats with reperfused myocardial infarction

Table 1 Hemodynamic, cardiac remodeling, and plasma neurohumoral and inflammatory parameters in rats with RMI-induced chronic heart failure (CHF) after 10 weeks of treatment

	UT group (n = 12)	DT group (n = 15)	MT group n = 18)	DMT group (n = 14)
BW, g	495 ± 7	523 ± 7	525 ± 10	545 ± 9^**
HW, g/kg	2.73 ± 0.13	2.39 ± 0.05^*††	2.73 ± 0.06	2.41 ± 0.03^*†
Infarcted area, %	20.1 ± 1.2	12.5 ± 1.2^**††	21.1 ± 1.1	13.9 ± 1.5^*††
MBP, mmHg	96 ± 3	98 ± 3	96 ± 3	107 ± 3
HR, bpm	302 ± 7	312 ± 6	304 ± 4	317 ± 7
CI, mL/min/kg	98 ± 6	120 ± 4^*††	91 ± 4	120 ± 4^*††
LV dp/dt_max, mmHg/s	4318 ± 127	4920 ± 151^*	4387 ± 180	4950 ± 120^*†
LV dp/dt_min, mmHg/s	3493 ± 147	4120 ± 127^*†	3511 ± 166	4277 ± 113^**††
LVEDP, mmHg	23 ± 3	14 ± 2^*	21 ± 2	14 ± 1^*
RAP, mmHg	2.9 ± 0.3	3.1 ± 0.4	3.4 ± 0.3	2.6 ± 0.5
Plasma NE, pg/mL	412 ± 72	139 ± 15^*	281 ± 51	103 ± 13^**†
Plasma Epi, pg/mL	430 ± 77	111 ± 45^**††	382 ± 86	119 ± 22^**†
Plasma BNP, pg/mL	553 ± 42	370 ± 16^**††	482 ± 20	417 ± 8^**
Plasma hs-CRP, ng/mL	825 ± 67	362 ± 61^**	415 ± 38^*	201 ± 12^**††

For data from the hemodynamic and remodeling studies under anesthesia, differences between the UT, DT, MT, and DMT groups were determined using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. For data on the infarcted area, plasma neurohumoral, and inflammatory parameters, differences between UT, DT, MT, and DMT groups were determined using nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis tests followed by Dunn’s tests. BW: body weight; HW: biventricular weight normalized by body weight; MBP: mean arterial blood pressure; HR: heart rate; CI: cardiac index; LV dp/dt_max: maximum dp/dt of the left ventricular pressure; LV dp/dt_min: minimum dp/dt of the left ventricular pressure; LVEDP: left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; RAP: right atrial pressure. NE: norepinephrine; Epi: epinephrine; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; UT: untreated; DT: donepezil treatment; MT: metoprolol treatment; DMT: donepezil plus metoprolol treatment; RMI: reperfused myocardial infarction
Data are shown as means ± SEMs. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 versus UT group, ^†P < 0.05; ^††P < 0.01 versus MT group.

ISSN: 1880-6562