Fig. 1

Timeline of the experiment. Rats were habituated to the treadmill apparatus and treadmill running for 10 days. Then, the behavior in elevated plus maze test (EPM) and forced swim test (FST) was evaluated 30 min after a bout of treadmill running (separated by 2 days). Two or more days after behavioral testing, rats performed the same treadmill running again and were sacrificed, and the brains were removed for immunohistochemistry