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Table 2 Effects of HNCS and selective attention on pain and pain responses (mean ± SD)

From: Electrophysiological investigation of the contribution of attention to altered pain inhibition processes in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

 

Control session

Attention to shock pain

Attention to counter-stimulation

Baseline

HICS

HNCS

Recovery

Baseline

HICS

HNCS

Recovery

Baseline

HICS

HNCS

Recovery

Patients with IBS (n = 9)

 P45 (µV)

4.7 ± 3.8

4.4 ± 3.3

4.8 ± 2.4

4.7 ± 2.9

4 ± 2.7

4.1 ± 3.2

4.0±3.6

3.5 ± 2.9

1.9 ± 1.7

2.2 ± 1.3

2.1 ± 2.0

2.5 ± 2.1

 N100 (µV)

− 23.3 ± 14

− 24.0 ± 15.3

− 24.0 ± 14.9

− 22.8 ± 14

− 18.7 ± 14

− 18.6 ± 14.0

− 18.6 ± 14.9

− 19.3 ± 14.2

− 18 ± 6.1

− 18.6 ± 4.7

− 19.1 ± 6.4

− 18 ± 7.3

 P260 (µV)

20.6 ± 6.2

20.6 ± 7.6

20.3 ± 8.2

20.6 ± 6.1

21.7 ± 4.9

21.7 ± 4.0

22 ± 3.9

21.4 ± 4.6

19 ± 3.7

20.4 ± 5.1

19.2 ± 3.8

19.3 ± 5.4

 4–10 Hz

12.3 ± 3.7

12.0 ± 2.9

12.0 ± 2.8

11.2 ± 2.9

12 ± 2.1

11.6 ± 3.1

12.1 ± 3.8

11.1 ± 2.4

12.4 ± 2.4

11.4 ± 1.9

11.5 ± 3.2

13.4 ± 3.4

 8–29 Hz (ERS)

3.9 ± 2.8

2.4 ± 1.1

3.1 ± 2.2

3.7 ± 2.7

3.2 ± 1.9

2.6 ± 2.0

2.9 ± 2.4

2.7 ± 1.9

3.3 ± 2.9

2.9 ± 2.6

2.7 ± 1.6

3,8 ± 2.7

 8–29 Hz (ERD)

− 3.0 ± 1.1

− 2.1 ± 0.9

− 2 ± 0.7

− 1.9 ± 1.3

− 1.7 ± 1.2

− 2.6 ± 1.6

− 1.6 ± 1.3

− 2.3 ± 1

− 3,2 ± 1.5

− 2,3 ± 1.3

− 2,9 ± 1.0

− 1.6 ± 1.1

 30–60 Hz

3.0 ± 1.1

3.0 ± 0.8

3.8 ± 2.8

3.0 ± 1.3

2.7 ± 1.2

2.6 ± 1.7

3.6 ± 1.9

2.9 ± 1.4

2.5 ± 1.3

2.5 ± 1.3

3.3 ± 1.1

3.5 ± 1.6

 61–100 Hz

3.3 ± 0.8

3.3 ± 1.6

2.9 ± 0.8

3.1 ± 1.7

3.0 ± 1.2

3.2 ± 1.5

3.5 ± 1.6

3.2 ± 1.6

3.0 ± 1

3.3 ± 2

3.5 ± 1.4

3.0 ± 1.7

 Shock pain (NRS)

45.6 ± 18.2

51.3 ± 22.6

50.8 ± 24

48.8 ± 25.2

49.6 ± 17.5

49.9 ± 18.2

46.8 ± 15.8

48.8 ± 15.5

43.9 ± 15

41.4 ± 14.2

41.3 ± 9

42.9 ±  ± 15

 NFR (T− score)

50.3 ± 6.2

49.4 ± 2

50.3 ± 2.6

50.1 ± 4.5

51.9 ± 3.8

49.8 ± 2.6

51.3 ± 3.7

50.2 ± 4.1

52.1 ± 4.5

50.2 ± 2.9

51.9 ± 6.1

49.7 ± 5.3

Healthy controls (n = 9)

 P45 (µV)

− 0.6 ± 3.8

− 0.6 ± 4.0

− 0.2 ± 4.2

− 0.7 ± 4.6

− 0.3 ± 1.9

− 0.7 ± 2.6

− 0.9 ± 2.5

0.1 ± 3.2

− 0.2 ± 2.5

− 0.5 ± 3

− 0.3 ± 2.9

0.5 ± 2.1

 N100 (µV)

− 28.8 ± 9.6

− 28.6 ± 10

− 28.6 ± 8

− 28.6 ± 7.3

− 30.9 ± 5.40

− 30.1 ± 4.40

− 25.5 ± 5.2‡

− 25.7 ± 2.7†

− 30.3 ± 6.7

− 26.5 ± 7.3†

− 21.5 ± 5.7‡

− 23.8 ± 6.1†

 P260 (µV)

25 ± 13.2

25.2 ± 13.5

25.0 ± 13.6

24.5 ± 13.6

26.5±10.4

25.9 ± 11.2

19.5 ± 10.2‡

24 ± 9.4

27.8 ± 13.1

22.8±11.9*

15.2 ± 9.4‡

21.6 ± 10.2†

 4–10 Hz

11.5 ± 2.3

12.6 ± 2.1

12.2 ± 3.0

11.0±1.8

13.3 ± 2.5

12.7±2

11.3 ± 3.2

11.7 ± 2.8

12.7 ± 2

11.5 ± 2.8

11.2±2.6

11.7 ± 3.2

 8–29 Hz (ERS)

2.7 ± 1.1

3.0±1.6

2.4 ± 1.0

3.8 ± 2.3

2.9 ± 1.5

3.2 ± 1.6

3.0 ± 1.7

3.4±2.1

2.0 ± 1.5

2.6 ± 1.6

2.4 ± 1.2

2.2±1.2

 8–29 Hz (ERD)

− 2.3 ± 1.1

− 1.9 ± 0.8

− 2.2 ± 0.8

− 1,8 ± 0.7

− 1.8 ± 0.8

− 1,7 ± 0.4

− 1.9 ± 0.8

− 2.3 ± 1.3

− 1,9 ± 1.1

− 2.0 ± 0.6

− 1.7 ± 0.8

− 2.0 ± 0.6

 30–60 Hz

1.9 ± 0.8

2.0 ± 0.4

2.1 ± 0.8

2.1 ± 0.6

2.5 ± 1.1

2.2 ± 0.7

1.7 ± 0.6*

1.6 ± 0.7*

2.3 ± 0.8

1.9 ± 0.9†

1.5 ± 0.6

1.9 ± 0.8

 61–100 Hz

3.1 ± 2.0

2.9 ± 1.4

3.3 ± 1.2

3.1 ± 0.9

3.5 ± 1.3

3.0 ± 1.5

1.3 ± 0.6†

2.1 ± 0.6*

3.8 ± 1.6

2.1 ± 0.5*

1.5 ± 0.4†

2.2 ± 0.6*

 Shock pain (NRS)

37.8 ± 15.1

38.9 ± 14.3

41.8 ± 17.0

41.7 ± 16.1

43.6 ± 18.3

42.6 ± 18.6

38.2 ± 20.2*

42.7 ± 18.3

43.5 ± 23.2

34.9 ± 21*

28 ± 18.8†

41.1 ± 21.1

 NFR (T− score)

49.7 ± 3.4

50.5 ± 2.8

50.8 ± 3.2

48.9 ± 2.9

51.1 ± 3.2

49.1 ± 3.8

51.6 ± 4.2

49.2 ± 3.5

50.5 ± 4.1

50.5 ± 4.4

53.5 ± 4.7

47.2 ± 3.8

  1. *p < 0.05; †p < 0.01; ‡p < 0.001