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Fig. 4 | The Journal of Physiological Sciences

Fig. 4

From: Electrophysiological investigation of the contribution of attention to altered pain inhibition processes in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Fig. 4

Modulation of event-related spectral perturbations by selective attention and heterotopic noxious counter-stimulation (HNCS). a Mean stimulus-locked event-related spectral perturbations at electrode Cz. The dashed line indicates the stimulus onset. Oscillation power is presented in dB relative to a pre-stimulus baseline (−400 ms to −100 ms). Positive and negative power changes are represented by red and blue colors, respectively. Rectangles represent the following predetermined regions of interest (time x frequency): 4–10 Hz, 50–350 ms; 8–29 Hz, 300–1000 ms; 30–60 Hz, 50–300 ms; 61–100 Hz, 100–300 ms. The mean power values for the regions of interest (time × frequency) calculated according to the top 20% approach (see “Methods” section) and statistical results are illustrated in Table 2 and in “Results” section. X-axis, time in ms; Y-axis, frequency in Hz. b Power value (mean ± SEM) in dB for high-gamma oscillations (61–100 Hz, 100–300 ms). The inhibitory effect of HICS and HNCS compared with baseline within each session is represented by the * and symbols. *p < 0.05, p < 0.01. The inhibitory effect of HNCS compared with HICS vs. corresponding changes in the control session is represented by the # symbol. #p > 0.05. X-axis, conditions and sessions; Y-axis, power values in dB. SEM: standard error of the mean; IBS: irritable bowel syndrome; HICS: heterotopic innocuous counter-stimulation; HNCS: heterotopic noxious counter-stimulation

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