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Fig. 3 | The Journal of Physiological Sciences

Fig. 3

From: Effect of the parasympathetic vasodilation on temperature regulation via trigeminal afferents in the orofacial area

Fig. 3

Effects of pharmacological blocking agents on the increase in BF and Tm evoked by LN stimulation in the lower lip. Typical examples of the effects of intravenous administration of hexamethonium (C6) at 10 mg/ml (a) and atropine (b) at 100 μg/ml for 10 min (0.1 ml/min) on changes in the BF, VC, and Tm in the lower lip on the left side evoked by left LN stimulation (20 s, 10 V, 20 Hz, 2-ms). c Mean ± SEM of changes in the ∆BF, ∆VC, and ∆Tm in the lower lip evoked by LN stimulation with administration of C6 (black bars) and atropine (gray bars; n = 6 in each group). The responses evoked by LN stimulation with C6 and atropine were determined by calculating the differences between the maximum values during 10 min after stimulation with C6 and atropine and the baseline values. Each value is expressed as a percentage of the response before treatment (control). Statistical significance was assessed by ANOVA followed by a post-hoc test (Fisher’s PLSD). *P < 0.001 vs. control

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