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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients (N = 11)

From: A phase II, open-label clinical trial on the combination therapy with medium-chain triglycerides and ghrelin in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Age, years

71.3 (4.8), 64–78

Sex, male/female (number)

10/1

BMI, kg/m2

17.4 (1.9), 13.9–20.9

Cigarette smoking, pack years

54.6 (24.7), 24.5–98

GOLD, III/IV, number

6/5

Pulmonary function test

 FEV1, L

0.82 (0.25), 0.41–1.29

 %FEV1, % predicted

32.2 (9.4), 16.8–48.2

 FEV1/FVC, %

34.3 (6.6), 22.9–46.0

 VC, L

2.47 (0.57), 1.83–3.39

 %VC, %

78.3 (15.7), 55.6–100.5

Incremental work rate exercise testing

 At peak exercise

 

 Dyspnea, Borg scale

5.8 (1.2), 4–7

 \( V_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }}^{{\prime }} \), mL/min/kg

10.6 (2.6), 6.9–14.1

SGRQ

 Total score

55.6 (17.7), 26.8–79.9

 Symptoms score

67.5 (20.6), 19.1–92.0

 Activity score

70.1 (13.1), 54.4–92.5

 Impacts score

40.3 (22.4), 4.9–73.4

Medications (number)

 LAMA

11

 LABA

9

 ICS

6

 Triple inhalation therapy

5

 Methylxanthines

0

  1. Data are presented as mean (SD) and as the minimum and maximum values, unless otherwise stated
  2. BMI body mass index, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC forced vital capacity, GOLD global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease, ICS inhaled corticosteroids, LABA long-acting β2-agonist, LAMA long-acting muscarinic antagonist, SGRQ St. George Respiratory Questionnaire; Triple inhalation; a combination of LAMA, LABA, and ICS, VC vital capacity, \( V_{{O_{2} }}^{\prime } \) oxygen uptake
  3. Medications are presented separately