Fig. 3
Changes in the physiological variables after a 3-week combination treatment with octanoic acid C8:0 and ghrelin. Each physiological variable was obtained at peak exercise during incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The changes in each variable during the treatment course are analyzed by a linear mixed effect model. Compared with pre-treatment, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and compared with the values at week 3, †p < 0.05, ††p < 0.01 using the least squares means Tukey’s honestly significant difference test. \( \Delta F_{{O_{2} }} \) inspired O2 concentration minus expired O2 concentration, MCT medium-chain triglyceride; O2pulse\( V_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }}^{{\prime }} \)/heart rate, V′E minute ventilation, \( V_{{O_{2} }}^{\prime } \) oxygen uptake