Fig. 5

CGRP mediated HIF-1α/VEGF expression in b.END3 cells exposed to high glucose. a Immunofluorescence staining of HIF-1α. Scale bar = 50 μm. b The HIF-1α mRNA expression under high glucose conditions for 3 days. The data are shown as the fold change compared to the 25 mM-treated control group and are expressed as the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05. c A western blotting image and the quantitative analysis of HIF-1α protein expression. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05. d The mRNA expression of VEGF-A under high glucose conditions for 3 days. The data are shown as the fold change compared to the 25 mM-treated control group and are expressed as the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05. e VEGF secretion under high glucose conditions for 3 days, as determined by ELISA. The data are shown as the fold change compared to the 25 mM-treated control group and are expressed as the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05. f The mRNA expression of the VEGF receptor VEGFR1 under high glucose conditions for 3 days. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05. g The mRNA expression of the VEGF receptor VEGFR2 under high glucose conditions for 3 days. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05