Fig. 3

Behavioral parameters and hippocampal nNOS, Akt, and CREB protein expression and phosphorylation levels after 2 weeks of HFD consumption. Open (a) and total arm entries (b), percentage of open/total arm entries (c), and defecation (d). Open arm entries and the percentage of open/total arm entries were significantly decreased in the HFD group compared with the SD group. Representative immunoblots are shown in e, and quantified data are presented as nNOS (f), pnNOS^Ser1412/GAPDH (g), pnNOS^Ser1412/nNOS (h), nNOS gene expression levels (i), pAkt^Ser473 (j), Akt (k), pCREB^Ser133 (l), and CREB (m). Two weeks of HFD consumption led to increased pAkt^Ser473 and pCREB^Ser133, while both nNOS and pnNOS^Ser1412 levels were unchanged. Open bars, SD group and light gray bars, HFD group. **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05 vs SD group. All data are presented as mean ± SE. Dot plot represents individual data points. n = 5–6 per group