Fig. 5

Effects of xanthoceraside on dendritic spine density and expression of RhoA, ROCK2, Snk, and SPAR proteins in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. a Representative pictures of Golgi staining (×1000). b Quantification analysis of dendritic spine density (n = 4, 30 dendrites per group). c–f Western blots and quantification analysis of RhoA, ROCK2, Snk, and SPAR in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 4). ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, and ^###p < 0.001 versus the control group, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 versus the model group