Fig. 1
Composite maternal and non-maternal behavior of lactating rats after litter adjustment to 12 pups per nest (normal litters, n = 8) or 3 pups per nest (small litters, n = 8) on PND2. Data are plotted as the mean ± SEM percentage of episodes across 100 observations per day. a Percentage of total maternal behavior; b arched-nursing; c licking pups; d passive-nursing; e blanket nursing; f nest building; g percentage of total non-maternal behavior; h feeding behavior; i non-exploring; j exploring; k self-grooming