Fig. 3From: Sphingosine-1-phosphate pretreatment amends hypoxia-induced metabolic dysfunction and impairment of myogenic potential in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts by stimulating viability, calcium homeostasis and energy generationS1P mediates temporal secretion of myokines in hypoxic differentiating C2C12 cells. Media supernatant from S1P (1 μM) and VC pretreated differentiating C2C12 cells under normoxia (N) and 0.5% hypoxia (H) at various time points was analyzed for the composition of secreted myokines—IL-6 (a), IFN-γ (b) and TNF-α (c); 0.2 × 105/cm2 C2C12 cells were seeded and induced to differentiate as described. Following this the media supernatant was snap-frozen for myokine content analysis using a sandwich ELISA-based commercial kit. Data are reported as mean ± SD from three independent experiments carried out in triplicate. Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way ANOVA/post hoc Bonferroni’s analysis method. Statistical significance is denoted by NVC vs. HVC ($p < 0.05, *p ≤ 0.005) and HVC vs. HS1P (@p < 0.05, #p ≤ 0.005) at respective time pointsBack to article page