Fig. 1

Body weight (a), food consumption (b) and astaxanthin intake (c) during experimental periods. CT control, HU hindlimb unloading, HU + AX hindlimb unloading with astaxanthin administration. Values are mean ± standard error (SE); n = 9 per group. *p < 0.05 versus CT. The results of two-way ANOVA are displayed in Fig. 1b. Notations a–c in (c) indicate significant differences at p < 0.05