The Journal of Physiological Sciences

Table 1 The basal activities of major elements of β-AR-AC-PKA-dependent signaling cascade

From: Differences in the control of basal L-type Ca²⁺ current by the cyclic AMP signaling cascade in frog, rat, and human cardiac myocytes

	β-ARs	ACs	PDEs	PKA	PPases	LTCC^a
FVM	−	±	±	+	+	−
RVM	−	+	+	+	+	−
HAM	+	+	+	+	+	+

^a indicates the elevation of I _Ca,L above basal level
“−” no activity, “±” low activity, “+” high activity

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ISSN: 1880-6562

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