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Fig. 2 | The Journal of Physiological Sciences

Fig. 2

From: Activity-dependent regulation of excitable axonal domains

Fig. 2

Activity-dependent regulation of the axonal domain structures. a Reorganization of axon initial segment (AIS) distribution is expressed as its resizing and/or relocation. Left panel illustrates an example of AIS resizing in the avian cochlear nucleus after deprivation of afferent inputs [7]. Right panel illustrates an example of AIS relocation in hippocampal pyramidal neurons in culture after chronic depolarization or photostimulation [8]. These structural reorganizations of the AIS contribute to the maintenance of neural circuit activity at a constant level. b The structures and organelles along the myelinated nerve fibers are modulated by both neurons and myelinating glial cells. Reorganization of these structures contributes to adjustment of conduction velocity, thereby regulating signal processing in neural circuits

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