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Fig. 4 | The Journal of Physiological Sciences

Fig. 4

From: Visualization of the spatial and temporal dynamics of MAPK signaling using fluorescence imaging techniques

Fig. 4

Schematic illustration of the role of dynamic MAPK signaling. The information of the outer environment (stimulation or input) can be transduced into the inside of the cells, where the network of signaling molecules transmits this information to activate the MAPK molecule. The type and location of the input stimulation, as well as its strength, duration and temporal pattern, determine the subsequent dynamics of MAPK activity. MAPK can be activated either at a specific locus or in the entire cytoplasmic region, or translocated into a specific compartment (i.e., the nucleus), to execute a proper effector function such as gene expression. Furthermore, MAPK activation can be transient, long sustained or oscillatory in manner. Subsequent cellular function can be regulated depending on the temporal parameters (i.e., oscillation frequency) of MAPK activation. Thus, a combination of a set of the spatial and temporal parameters of MAPK dynamics encodes the cellular context to induce a specific adaptive response

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