The destiny of Ca2+ released by mitochondria

Table 1 Effects of NCLX reduction on cellular functions

	Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ at rest	Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ transient	Cytosolic Ca²⁺ transient	SOCE	ATP production	Others
Pancreatic β-cells ([70, 71])	Increased	Faster rise slower decline	Smaller	N.D.	Unchanged at steady state. Slightly accelerated during stimulation	Reduced insulin secretion
Astrocytes ([77])	Increased	Faster rise slower decline	Smaller	Smaller and slower	N.D.	Reduced glutamate release Impaired wound healing Impaired proliferation
B lymphocytes ([44, 45, 84])	N.D.	N.D.	Diminished cytosolic Ca²⁺ increase after BCR stimulation	Smaller and slower	N.D.	Increased apoptosis Reduced chemotaxis
Cardiomyocytes ([46, 102])	Increased	N.D.	Slower upstroke	N.D.	Unaffected	Cycle length prolongation

ISSN: 1880-6562