Fig. 2

Time courses of diastolic time (DT, a), ventricular filling rate (VFR, b), mean arterial pressure (MAP, c), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR, d) during rest, exercise, and recovery in all protocol sessions. Horizontal dashed lines identify variables’ resting levels. Values are mean ± SEM percentage changes from the corresponding rest values. *p < 0.05 versus rest; ^† p < 0.05 versus CER test; ^‡ p < 0.05 versus PEMI test; ^# p < 0.05 versus EMI test