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Fig. 6 | The Journal of Physiological Sciences

Fig. 6

From: Involvement of brain ketone bodies and the noradrenergic pathway in diabetic hyperphagia in rats

Fig. 6

Effect of 3HB in the 4V on norepinephrine (NE) release in the PVN and on hypothalamic orexigenic peptides. NE release in the hypothalamic PVN was determined by microdialysis and HPLC–ECD after injection of 3HB into the 4V of normal male rats (a) (n = 4–5 per group). Schematic drawings of the placement of the tip end of the microdialysis probes (b). Open and closed circles show vehicle-treated controls and 3HB-treated rats, respectively. Statistical differences were determined by two-way ANOVA (treatment and clock time) followed by the Bonferroni test. *P < 0.05, versus vehicle-treated controls. Values are means ± SEM. mRNA expression of Agrp and Npy in the hypothalamic ARC in male rats injected into the 4V with 3HB (16 μmol) (c). ARC tissue samples were collected 3 h after 3HB injection into the 4V. Statistical differences were determined by use of the unpaired Student’s t test. ***P < 0.001, versus vehicle-treated controls. Numbers in each column represent the number of animals used. Values are means ± SEM

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