Table 1 Subjects’ baseline characteristics

Gender ratio, M:F

7:2

36:13

NS

Age, years

67.0 ± 3.4 (52–84)

67.0 ± 1.4 (30–80)

NS

Smoking history, smoker:never

5:4

30:19

NS

BMI, kg m⁻²

20.6 ± 1.0 (16.1–25.7)

19.2 ± 0.5 (13.1–27.8)

NS

Pulmonary function

 VC, L

3.3 ± 0.3 (1.8–5.0)

1.7 ± 0.1 (0.7–2.8)

<0.0001

 %VC, %

104.9 ± 6.9 (83.9–142.3)

54.3 ± 1.9 (29.4–79.2)

<0.0001

 FEV₁, L

2.5 ± 0.2 (1.5–3.3)

1.1 ± 0.1 (0.5–2.1)

<0.0001

 FEV₁/FVC, %

81.2 ± 2.6 (71.5–91.7)

70.7 ± 3.1 (29.4–100.0)

NS